Formulation Development and Evaluation of Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles with Withania coagulans Aqueous Extract

The current work aims to develop and evaluate hydrogel containing silver nanoparticles with Withania coagulans aqueous extract. were prepared by a green synthesis approach using 0.1 mM nitrate solution 1 % extract of coagulans. used for characterization purposes, whereas the incorporated in formulation carbopol 971P NF different concentrations, propylene glycol, triethanolamine distilled water appropriate amount. evaluated their particle size (Zavg), polydispersity index, surface morphology scanning electron microscopy high-resolution transmission microscopy. hydrogels assessed physical appearance, pH, viscosity, syneresis, spreadability, occlusivity, drug-excipient compatibility. synthesized stable spherical shape an average 174.9±0.062 nm, indicating particles nano range index value 0.174±0.054 showed homogeneity distribution. data reflected smooth nanoparticles. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis spectra strong spectral signal silver. crystalline nature was confirmed from spot pattern obtained selected area diffraction. loaded formulations (F1, F2 F3) found be yellowish-brown color, homogeneous nature, pH 6.24±0.047-6.78±0.082 percentage syneresis 0.46±0.074 1.47±0.12. spreadability (4.83±0.08-6.4±0.124 cm) indicated easily spreadable viscosities 41840±257.07-87538±389.87 cp suitable topical application. percntage occlusiveness 54.43±1.24 74.82±2.48. drug excipient compatibility attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed components.